|
A rotating savings and credit association, or ROSCA, is a group of individuals who agree to meet for a defined period in order to save and borrow together, a form of combined peer-to-peer banking and peer-to-peer lending. F.J.A. Bouman described ROSCAs as "the poor man's bank, where money is not idle for long but changes hands rapidly, satisfying both consumption and production needs."〔F.J.A. Bouman, ''Indigenous savings & credit societies in the developing world'' in Von Pischke, Adams & Donald (eds.) ''Rural Financial Markets in the Developing World'' World Bank, Washington, 1983〕 They are also known as ''tandas'' (Latin America), ''cundinas'' (Mexico), ''susu'' (West Africa and the Caribbean), ''hui'' (Asia), ''kyae(계)'' (South Korea), ''pandeiros'' (Brazil), ''juntas'' (Peru), or ''quiniela''. An English name for such an association is a partnerhand. ==Structure== Meetings can be regular or tied to seasonal cash flow cycles in rural communities. Each member contributes the same amount at each meeting, and one member takes the whole sum once. As a result, each member is able to access a larger sum of money during the life of the ROSCA, and use it for whatever purpose she or he wishes. This method of saving is a popular alternative to the risks of saving at home, where family and relatives may demand access to savings.〔Stuart Rutherford. ''The Poor & Their Money'' Oxford University Press, Delhi, 2000〕 Every transaction is seen by every member during the meetings. Since no money has to be retained inside the group, no records have to be kept. These characteristics make the system a model of transparency and simplicity that is well adapted to communities with low levels of literacy and weak systems for protecting collective property rights. The system further reduces the risk to members because it is time limited—typically lasting no more than 6 months. Each member receives at least once the amount collected. This reduces the size of the loss, should someone take funds early and not pay back. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rotating savings and credit association」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|